Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions

Glacial influence on caldera-forming eruptions

Phase equilibria trigger for explosive volcanic eruptions

[1] A mechanism for explosive volcanic eruptions based on multicomponent phase equilibria modelling of four explosive volcanic systems is proposed. In each system, either isochoric or isobaric crystallization, where either crystals or crystals and exsolved fluid are chemically fractionated from melt, leads inevitably to near-solidus dynamical instability culminating in violent explosive eruptio...

Stress Field Control during Large Caldera-Forming Eruptions

Crustal stress field can have a significant influence on the way magma is channeled through the crust and erupted explosively at the surface. Large Caldera Forming Eruptions (LCFEs) can erupt hundreds to thousands of cubic kilometers of magma in a relatively short time along fissures under the control of a far-field extensional stress. The associated eruption intensities are estimated in the ra...

The frequency of explosive volcanic eruptions in Southeast Asia

There are ~750 active and potentially active volcanoes in Southeast Asia. Ash from eruptions of volcanic explosivity index 3 (VEI 3) and smaller pose mostly local hazards while eruptions of VEI ≥ 4 could disrupt trade, travel, and daily life in large parts of the region. We classify Southeast Asian volcanoes into five groups, using their morphology and, where known, their eruptive history and d...

Evidence for Recent Large Magnitude Explosive Eruptions at Damavand Volcano, Iran with Implications for Volcanic Hazards

Damavand is a large dormant stratovolcano in the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran located in one of the most populous provinces, which could be adversely affected by tephra fall from Damavand. The youngest known eruption is a lava flow on the western flanks with an age of 7.3 ka. The volcanic products are predominantly porphyritic trachyandesite. Three major young pumice deposits, named here a...